Reflection On Experiential Family Therapy - 2373 Words

Experiential Theory Candida A. Phelps Liberty University Experiential Family Therapy In current practices of psychodynamic family therapy, it leans towards integration and diversity in recognition of the limitations of any single therapeutic model (Evans, 2012). A wide variety of family therapies have arose which may be described as psycho-dynamic and there is not an opportunity to address all of them. This review will discuss experiential family therapy. In the early twentieth century, the foundations of the psychodynamic theory was laid by Sigmund Freud. Freud focused his attention mainly on individuals and not so much on the family, but he did recognize that family is important in human development (Evans, 2012). Yet, succeeding theoreticians plus family counselors have utilized the ideologies of psychoanalysis in the expansion of family therapy (Evans, 2012). Ludwig Binswanger, a psychologist who disagreed with Freud’s theories of human beings, is said to have brought the concepts of existential and phenomenological thought into the field of psychology (Mahrer, 1983). With the dissatisfaction of the limitations of Freud’s theory, Binswanger started to search outside the existing areas of psychological theories for other models to explain the thoughts and behavior of individuals (Mahrer, 1983). The experiential theory for family therapy was developed by Virginia Satir (Satir, et al, 1991) and Carl Whitaker (Whitaker and Bumberry, 1988) and can be looselyShow MoreRelatedMulti-Mother, Depression, And, Or Patety And Children With Postpartum Depression1601 Words   |  7 Pages MP focuses on mental health, parenting skills, child development, child attachment needs, and self-care for mothers, who currently have or have had a history of psychopathology and/or trauma (Muzik et al., 2015, p. 4). MP utilizes a multi-family group therapy approach based on trauma theory and attachment theory that includes 13 sessions in total. There are 3 individual sessions that occur before, during, and after the other 10 weekly group sessions that include 6 mothers and their children (MuzikRead MoreHumanistic Theory1377 Words   |  6 PagesExperiential and Humanistic Theory As a person goes through life and has ups and downs, their ability to handle the stress varies from person to person. At times, a person has difficulties maintaining all the pressures of issues that sometimes feel to manifest into deep sensations of falling. Not knowing where to turn or where to go to get a clear view of what it is that may has them continuing to feel all of the world is against them. Many people rely on friends and family to get that earRead MoreAn Early Influence On Family Therapy1313 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Family therapy is psychotherapeutic treatment of the family to bring about better psychological functioning† (Sharf, 2012. P. 533). An early influence on family therapy include Ackerman’s approach of becoming emotionally involved while looking for unconscious themes in the family; this approach is used by a family therapist, but there is not a clear method of therapy. There is a study of communication patterns in families with members h aving symptoms of schizophrenia that defined the dysfunctionalRead MoreEssay on Wilderness Therapy and Conventional Therapy1696 Words   |  7 Pagesmore difficult to treat with conventional therapy, there is a greater need for more modern and creative therapy. Even more so, individuals are seeking treatment at a younger age and need more interventions to fit their needs. 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Theories about learning styles agree that all people can be classified according to their style of learning. In this paper different theories about learning styles are reviewed briefly. At the end, Gendlin experiential theory is reviewed in detail. Learning styles VARK There is a model that use to classify some of the most common ways of individuals learning styles. The name of this model is VARKRead MoreTheory Of Group Counseling Paper1438 Words   |  6 Pagesassisting client changes; Discuss the elements or factors contributing to the development of the group, and changes and growth of the clients; Describe your role as a group leader and therapist in the group Personal Reflection Through textbooks, articles, lectures, and experiential activities, I have recently had the opportunity to learn, first-hand, how a group develops. Each group, dependent upon their allotted time, style, and cohesion, journeys through the four levels of group development. HavingRead MoreUse Of Prayer And Scripture On Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1160 Words   |  5 PagesUse of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Summary Siang-Yang Tan, a psychologist that has been in the field for over 25 years wrote a journal on the Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy. This journal â€Å"covers the appropriate and ethical use of prayer, including inner healing prayer, and Scripture in a Christian approach to cognitive-behavioral therapy† (Tan, 2007). In this journal he expounded on the methods he used through his experience to ethically provideRead MoreFamily Focused Therapy Models Within The Context Of Grief And Bereavement1543 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose of this paper is to analyze family focused therapy models within the context of grief and bereavement. Of note, bereavement and grief often accompany a wide variety of losses however, this paper will specifically focus on the physical loss or death of an immediate family member. First, this paper will provide a brief background of bereavement, illustrating the stages of grief and potential consequences. Additionally, it will exa mine the role of family in relation to the experience of bereavementRead MoreWilderness Therapy : An Alternative Therapy1442 Words   |  6 PagesWilderness Therapy The wilderness is a place known for peacefulness and can have physical and psychological benefits (Hassell, Moore Macbeth, 2015). Wilderness therapy is an alternative therapy, influenced by Outward Bound, which is an outdoor education company with programs for youth and adults. (Hoag, Massey, Roberts, Logan, 2013). Wilderness therapy combines group work, reflection, challenges and trust building exercises, varied length, and clinical assessment (Russell, 2001). Wilderness

Mental Health And Rural And Remote Practice - 1661 Words

The purpose of this essay is to apply critical thinking and awareness by comparing and contrasting two chosen fields of practice being mental health and rural and remote practice. This paper will discuss a brief historical outline in regards to both fields, together with a statistical overview of certain challenges and concerns that occur within the field of mental health and rural and remote practice. An emphasis will placed on the challenges faced by the client, while comparing and contrasting issues such as social disadvantage, infrastructure, drugs and alcohol misuse. Likewise, challenges faced by the worker and a comparison of the interventions used in both fields, along with the diversity of the two working environments and the†¦show more content†¦The history of the Australian mental health system dates back as far as the early settlers, with asylums and institutions being commonplace (Willis, E, Reynolds, L, Keleher, H 2013). By the 1950s deinstitutionalization wa s becoming a common occurrence, which led directly to the more recent community-based services being developed. Mental healthcare began shifting from custodial care in institutions to supporting patients returning to the community (Willis, E, Reynolds, L, Keleher, H 2013). Although, the Australian government has strived to create a comprehensive mental health service there are still many concerns. There is also a long history in regards to Australian rural and remote health, although, the magnitude of issues occurring in this sector took some years to surface. History shows us that significant concerns first started to emerge during the 1970s. The issues were confronting and required the Australian government to urgently address the myriad of health issues occurring in regional areas. Two of the main concerns transpiring in this area were relating to indigenous health and misuse of drugs and alcohol. As a result, countless rural health initiatives and projects were funded in o rder to address rural issues. Unfortunately, the health and wellbeing in these communities still remains significantly poorer then their city counterparts (Willis, E, Reynolds, L, Keleher, H 2013). The Client Many challenges exist for mentally ill clients and

Differences between the PCAOB and the International Auditing and Assur

Question: Discuss about the Auditing Assurance and Key Changes. Answer: Key Changes The key changes that have been adopted by PCAOB in order to enhance the usefulness as well as the relevance of the report of auditor through providing important and additional information to the investors. According to the new standard, critical audit matters (CAMs) need to be discussed in the auditor's report and these matters are required to communicate to audit committee(Weingarten, 2017). These are related to the disclosure or the accounts that are important for the financial statement. In the new standard, the report of auditor will disclose, among the other things and an auditor's tenure. The investors will be allowed to have to view the audit and also provided with the useful information for the purpose to make the important decisions(PCAOB, 2017). Differences between the PCAOB and the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) Audit Reporting Requirements The approaches that are taken by IAASB and PCAOB for the purpose of enhancing the report of auditor are similar. The approach is used in order to provide transparency in a higher proportion, to the investors and others as well, that is related to the matters of audit and establishing the two-way communication during the process of audit with TCWG. Differences In case of IAASB standard, description of KAM for the related disclosure should address: why matter is significant in audit? and how matter was addressed in audit? However, in case of PCAOB reproposal, for every CAM that is communicated, the auditor need to: identify CAM, describe the main considerations for determination of CAM, how it is addressed, and finally refer to financial statement accounts and the disclosure related to CAM. IAASB standard requires that the identification of ethical requirements that are related as well as independent of the auditor should be stated in a statement in Basis for Opinion section, along with that, it should be also stated that the auditor has fulfilled all the ethical responsibilities. While PCAOB reproposal requires a statement in Basis for Opinion section as evidence that auditor is independent and is a registered public accounting firm with PCAOB included. IAASB standards requires disclosure of engagement partners name. On other hand in PCAOB , engagement partners as well as other accounting firms should be disclosed along with the audited entities. In both IAASB and PCAOB, the opinion section should be presented and after that Basis for Opinion selection. However, in case of IAASB, a different order may be followed if prescribed by law or regulation. In case of IAASB, the modification of the opinion by the auditor should be included in Basis for Opinion section while in PCAOB, opinion modification should be included in Opinion section. As per IAASB standards, all the responsibilities related to the management, auditor's responsibility, features of audit should be described separately in auditor's report. Also, the paragraphs related to emphasis of matter as well as the other matter are also needed in certain circumstances. However, in case of PCAOB emphasis paragraph should be included. Also, standardized language enhancements should be described in PCAOB standards for acquiring the reasonable assurance. Similarities There are many similarities between PCAOB and the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB). Both PCAOB and IAASB used the similar approach for the enhancement by providing the high level of transparency to the investors and other as well as established the two-way communication which will take place between the investors and the audit committee during the process of auditing and making auditing report by the auditor. Both requires to identify the communication matters to be CAM or KAM and only for the current period. Both requires providing with the description of the matter for the purpose to prevent standardized language and reveal the particular circumstances of matter. d) Introductory language is included in both PCAOB and IAASB(IAASB, 2016). Reasons/Motivation for the Changes and Critique The change has been introduced in the auditor's report. The motivation or the reasons behind the change in the auditor's report is that, by the involvement of the transparency and establishment of the two-way communication in the process of audit with the investors, will be able to help in managing a sound relationship during the audit reporting process, through the disclosure of the requirements for the auditing report between the audit committee and the investors and the others. The two-way communication enhances the relationship between the investors, others who make use of the auditor's report and the audit committee (Clearygottlieb, 2017). Likely Impact of the New Audit Reporting Requirements On Audit Practice The impact of the audit reporting on audit practice is that the disclosure of the major statements and the related facts in the new reporting system has enabled a transparency in the process of auditing among the invertors and the audit committee. The information about the auditor, the description of the CAM and KAM along with the basis of these matters, description of the specific responsibilities, and disclosure of the engagement partners as well as the modification in the option helped in providing the high level of transparency, which will help in carrying out the audit in a sound manner. The practices have become more extended as the disclosure of the different essential facts takes time, but it will allow carrying the process of audit reporting in a smoother manner. The risk of misstatement will not occur. The financial statement will be able to disclose in a transparent manner and will also benefit the public interest(Iodsa, 2015). References Clearygottlieb. (2017). New PCAOB Standard Will Mean Big Changes in Audit Reports . Clearygottlieb.com. IAASB. (2016). The New Auditors Report:A Comparison between the ISAs and the US PCAOB Reproposal. New York: IAASB. Iodsa. (2015). The impact of the new auditors report. Retrieved from www.iodsa.co.za: https://www.iodsa.co.za/news/241065/The-impact-of-the-new-auditors-report.htm PCAOB. (2017). PCAOB Adopts New Standard to Enhance the Relevance and Usefulness of the Auditor's Report with Additional Information for Investors. Pcaobus.org. Weingarten, N. (2017). PCAOB requests comment on reproposal to significantly change the auditors report. Pwc.com.

PhD Programmes and Distance Learning

In today's contemporary ultra-competitive job market, it should come as little surprise that an increasing amount of adults are choosing to undertake a PhD to enhance the job prospects. The opportunities available to undergraduates are far greater than even a decade ago. The advances in technological innovation have lead to an influx of online undergraduate PhD programmes being undertaken. This trend is reflective of our contemporary society. Many of us balance work and home commitments. Online learning is one of the most effective ways to better our education without committing to, potentially, years without an income. Online undergraduate programmes allow students to download and upload coursework and have access to professors, without being confined to a classroom structure week after week. A large percentage of universities hold accredited statuses for a wealth of online courses. This basically means that the PhD that you obtain via distance learning is just as valued as PhD's that entail programmes of study on-site. This flexible option appeals to a wealth of people. From those with small children to look after to people that work on a full-time basis, yet yearn for better career prospects. The Benefits of Distance Online Learning are further outlined below: Classes can be attended anywhere. You don't need to routinely come to a university campus. Learning can be achieved anywhere, providing that you have access to the internet. Studying at home, at work, or anywhere with computer access is open to anyone. Online courses are designed for student-centric learning. You decide the manner in which you'd like to learn. Each of the courses and study materials are available 24 hours a day, seven days a week. This offers a level of flexibility that simply is afforded by those that chose to study on campus. There is access to take part in group discussions and debates online. Students needn't worry that the independent nature of their learning is completely independent. Interaction is a large part of the syllabus. The ability to learn in this manner hones vital skills that are essential for the workplace – the most obvious being knowledge and experience of computer software. Distance online learning affords you unrestricted use of the internet, and hones students' skills using this resource searching for necessary information. There are a number of benefits to electing to undertake an online distance learning course. If you haven't considered the merits of such learning before, yet are intent on getting your PhD then why not consider this of study.

Character Study - The Inspector from An An Inspector Calls essays

Character Study - The Inspector from An An Inspector Calls essays After watching an Inspector calls, I am sure it is obvious to any one who watches it that the inspector is not what he seems at all. At first you have no suspicions of the Inspector, but as the play gradually moves on it slowly dawns on you that the Inspector might be an impostor. In this essay I am going to write about a few different points, and who the Inspector might be. All of my theories may be correct but we will never know which theory is actually right. The Inspector is obviously as real as all the other characters in body and can eat and drink and is solid. I know that J.B.Priestley became very interested in the fourth dimension and time. That is why I think that the inspector may have gone back in time or there might have been a time slip of some sort to make sure that these people new what they had done. Another theory might be that the Inspector represents truth and is not a real person at all but just a representative of justice. I think that this is a very plausible idea and probably Priestley's own thought. I think that the Inspector gives it away when he gets far too emotional and worked up about things. A real police inspector would not get so involved. Here is an extract from the play, at the end of Act 2 where the Inspector gets too involved: Inspector: "(very sternly) Her position now is that she lies with a burnt-out inside on a slab. (As Birling tries to protest, turns on him.) Don't stammer and yammer at me again, man. I'm losing all patience with you people. What did he Say? Here the Inspector gets to emotional about such a small thing. I also think that a real police inspector would treat Birling with more respect. It is true what Birling says about him being a public man and telling the chief of police because he is a friend. Here is an extract were the Inspector treats Birling with disrespect; it is near the beginning of Act 2: Sheila: (urgently, cutting in) You mustn't try to build up a kind o...

Business Management -----motivation and leadership for one of the Essay

Business Management -----motivation and leadership for one of the campany - Essay Example But McDonald’s sustained itself because of its willingness to innovate and its efforts to attain consistency in the operations of its many outlets. McDonalds business model has been largely responsible for its success. But there is no doubt that its leadership style and its endeavor to identify and develop leadership competencies has equally helped it to achieve success around the world. At McDonald’s maximizing business performance, coaching and communication, improving the performance of teams are the key leadership competencies. The leadership style is a mix of leadership styles with a mix of components of hard skills such as maximizing business performance and soft skills such as coaching and communication that are soft skills. The company is aware that leadership skills must change with changing business circumstances. Hence the management is constantly surveying the external and internal business environment to ensure that the company’s leadership style reflects the current business needs and environment. The philosophy practiced at McDonald’s is to select the most successful features of established leadership and management styles and incorporate them into their business model. This approach seems to have worked when you consider McDonald’s success around the world. The management style has aspects of various management and leadership styles amalgamated into one approach for leading and motivating the organisation. Its approach has features taken from management styles outlined by Maslow, Taylor and Herzberg and the Democratic style of leadership. McDonald’s business model is represented by the â€Å"three-legged stool†. The success of the company is because of the strong alignment forged between the Company, its employees and its franchisees that own and operate the majority of the Company’s restaurants and suppliers who provide the food and packaging. This model focuses on open relationships between the three. The company

(A)- Organisation Should have a means of classifying, ranking, and Essay

(A)- Organisation Should have a means of classifying, ranking, and selecting information systems development projects. Discuss - Essay Example Furthermore, potential benefits refers to the extent to the project is seen as improving profits, customer service and the duration of these benefits. Resource availability involves the amount and types of resources that the project needs based on their availability. Moreover, project size or duration may include the number of individuals and time required to ensure that the project is complete. Lastly, technical difficulty or risk involves the level of technical difficulty to complete and compile the project successfully as expected (‘Planning’ 2013, p.104). All these techniques when considered, the classification and ranking of the project will be successful. But â€Å"one should balance all these factors between short term, high benefits versus high savings costs† (Dubey 2011, p.52). Feasibility analysis simply refers to the viability of an idea (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.2). This study helps in previewing the potential outcomes to enable us continue or not (Katimu neetorn 2008, p.3) and some of the factors that are used to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed project are economic, technical, operational, schedule, legal and contractual, and political factors. Economic feasibility involves the economic viability of the proposed system and it involves cost-benefit analysis (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.1). All costs including fixed and variable costs and benefits such as cost savings, increased revenue or increased profit of the proposed project should be evaluated keenly (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.7). Intangible costs include hardware, software or labour costs, but intangible cots include operational inefficiency and loss of goodwill (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.7). Most projects are approved only if they cover their costs within a given period. On the contrary, some projects can be approved based on intangible benefits like those associated with the government regulations or image of the organization. In addition, technical feasibility is determined by th e possibility that the organization has in obtaining necessary resources. â€Å"Assessing technical feasibility is to evaluate whether the new system will perform adequately or whether the organization is able to construct a proposed system or not† (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.12). Technical feasibility is manifested when required hardware and software are available in the market place or can be developed within the required time. More so, operational feasibility refers to the ability, desire and willingness of the stakeholders to use, support, and operate the proposed information system and it is important to clarify whether the proposed system will solve the business problems, take advantage of the opportunities or not (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.13). Actually, these people are interested in those information systems, which are very easy to operate, accurate, produce the desired information, and fit with the organizational objectives. Furthermore, schedule feasibility involves assessi ng the duration of the project, that is, time covered for it to be completed and be useful (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.14). System analysts have to consider how long the system will take to develop and consider whether the deadlines are mandatory or compulsory (Katimuneetorn 2008, p.14). Legal feasibility shows whether the proposed system conflicts with the legal requirements or not since a project may face